Obituaries |
submitted by: Julia Johnson - julia.johnson63@gmail.com |
[Ahrens, Adelia Amanda Jannsen]
Taylor County Herald
Thursday May 4, 1933 [p. 1]
Mother of Ed Ahrens Dies in Omaha Friday
Mr. and Mrs. Ed Ahrens were called to Omaha last Friday by the death of his mother, Mrs. U. [lrich] C. Ahrens, age 79, who passed away that day at the home of her daughter, Mrs. C. [arl] O. [scar] Shalburg [Anna] in that city.
The body was brought to Bedford Saturday morning in the Wetmore ambulance and placed in the Wetmore Funeral Home where funeral services were held Sunday afternoon at 2:30, conducted by Rev. C. F. McMican of the Presbyterian Church.
Interment was in the Fairview cemetery.
Obituary will be found on another page.
[Ahrens, Adelia Amanda Jannsen]
Taylor County Herald
Thursday May 4, 1933 p. 8
Attend Funeral of Mrs. U. C. Ahrens
Among the out of town relatives and friends attending the funeral of Mrs. U.[lrich] C. Ahrens here last Sunday were Mr. and Mrs. C. [arl] O. [scar] Shalburg, Mr. and Mrs. C. D. Powell, J. L. Janseen [Jannsen], Mrs. Zeluca [Zelma] Keline of Omaha, Nebr.; Mr. and Mrs. Dr. H. [arvey] Ahrens and daughters Esther and Lucile and son Bobby of Redfield, Iowa; Mr. and Mrs. Dr. L. [ewis] H. [enry] Ahrens and sons Harold and Edward, Mrs. Strop, Mrs. [Miss] Kathryn Strop, of Fontanelle, Iowa; Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Dolecheck, Diagonal, Iowa; Mrs. Anna Janseen [Jannsen], Mr. and Mrs. Henry Janseen [Jannsen] of Carroll, Iowa.
They were guests at the Ed Ahrens home.
[Ahrens, Adelia Amanda Jannsen]
Bedford Times-Press
Thursday May 4, 1933 p. 4
Mother of Bedford Druggist Succumbs
Mrs. U. [lrich] C. Ahrens, 79, mother of Ed Ahrens, Bedford druggist, died at the home of her daughter, Mrs. C. [arl] O. [scar] Shalburg [Anna] in Omaha, Nebr., Friday. Funeral services were held at the Wetmore Funeral Home in Bedford Sunday afternoon, conducted by Rev. C. F. McMican. Burial was in the Fairview cemetery.
Mrs. Ahrens, who before her marriage was Amelia [Adelia] Amanda Jannsen, was born December 13, 1854 in Oldenburg, Germany. When quite young she came with her parents to the United States, settling in New York City. Later, the family moved to Sterling, Ill., at which place she was married U. [lrich] C. Ahrens in 1875. In the spring of 1881, Mr. and Mrs. Ahrens moved to Iowa, locating on a farm near Cumberland. In 1909 they moved to Atlantic, where they resided for fourteen years, when they moved to Omaha, Nebr. She was a member of the Lutheran church.
Surviving relatives are three sons and three daughters, all of whom were at their mother's bedside at the time of her death. They are Dr. Harvey Ahrens of Redfield, Iowa, Dr. Lewis [Henry] Ahrens of Fontanelle, Iowa, Ed Ahrens and Mrs. B. [enjamin] F. [ranklin] Michaels [Pauline Marie] of Bedford, Mrs. C.[arl] O. [scar] Shalburg [Anna] and Mrs. C. [lifford] D. [allas] Powell [Hannah] of Omaha, Nebraska. There is also one brother, L. Jannsen of Omaha, seven grandchildren, and two great grandchildren.
[Note: Her gravestone gives the year of her birth as 1853.]
[Harris, Laura Florine Turner]
Taylor County Herald
Thursday May 4, 1933 p. 3
Mrs. Laura [Florine Turner] Harris of Kansas City, Mo., passed away Sunday at 2 oÕclock at her home. She is to be buried in the Old Memory cemetery. Funeral services all to be held at the Baptist church Wednesday, May 3.
[Harris, Laura Florine Turner]
Bedford Times-Press
Thursday May 4, 1933 p. 5
Mr. and Mrs. Roy Hoover and two children, Richard and Dorothy Jean of Kansas City, Mo., Mrs. L. D. McMaster of Middleport, Ohio; Mrs. T. J. Wright of
Seattle, Wash.; Mrs. C. W. McCloy of Yakima, Wash.; and Mr. and Mrs. Ed Wertz of St. Joseph, Mo., were visitors in Bedford a short Time Tuesday afternoon. They had been to New Market to attend the funeral services for Mrs. W. [illiam] D. [aily] Harris [Laura Florine Turner] and were enroute to Kansas City.
Blockton News
Thursday May 4, 1933 [p. 1]
Obituary
Perry Field [s], son of Mr. and Mrs. George Field [s], was born in Sheridan, Missouri, August 12, 1899, and died in St. Joseph, Mo., April 25, 1933, aged 33 years, 8 months and 13 days.
He lived in Taylor County until about ten years ago, when he moved to St. Joseph, Mo., where he has since resided, with the exception of two or three years spent in Ohio.
He leaves to mourn his departure, his father and mother, two brothers, Guy Field and Carl Field; two sisters, Mrs. Hyatt Tamerius [Hazel] and Mrs. Bessie Fry, besides many other relatives and friends.
He confessed his faith in Christ and united with the Blockton Christian church in 1915. During the World war he was a private in the Howitzer Company of the 9th Infantry, and was stationed at Camp Travis, Texas.
Funeral services were conducted at the grave at the Platteville, Iowa, cemetery by Challie E. Graham April 27.
[Danford, Alice Etta Chappell]
Taylor County Herald
Thursday March 2, 1933 p. 3
New Market
WIFE OF FORMER NEW MARKET EDITOR DIES
DENVER, COLO., Feb. 25—
Mrs. Alice E. [tta] Danford, 70, the wife of Charles M. [axwell] Danford, manager of the South Denver Printing Company, died Friday night at their home, 526 street. She had been an invalid five years and fatal complications developed six months ago.
She was born in Old Memory Page county, Iowa, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Chappell, pioneer settlers in Iowa. Her father, a soldier in the Union army, was killed in the battle of Vicksburg. She spent her early life in Iowa and there was married to Mr. Danford, editor of a newspaper in New Market.
They came to Colorado in 1891 and spent a short time in the western part of the state, later they moved to Golden, where they lived until they moved to Denver four years ago.
Mrs. Danford was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church.
She is survived by her husband, one son, Frank Danford, an employee of The Denver Post; two daughters, Mazie Danford and Mrs. Harvey Mathews [Luella]; two grandchildren, Rennette and Dale Danford, and a half brother, C. L. Nelson, all of Denver.
Funeral services will be held at 11 o'clock Tuesday morning at the Olinger mortuary, Speer Boulevard and Sherman Street. Burial will be in Crown Hill Cemetery.
[Moffitt, Frances Alveria "Allie" Strawbridge]
Taylor County Herald
Thursday March 2, 1933 p. 7
Mrs. Roy Moffitt
Mrs. Allie Moffitt [Frances Alveria], daughter of John and Mary [Pritchard] Strawbridge, was born July 24, 1864, in Pennsylvania and departed to her heavenly heritage from her home near Braddyville, Iowa, Feb. 19, 1933, aged 68 years, 6 months, 16 days.
In 1885 she came with her parents from Pennsylvania to Nodaway County, Mo. In 1887 she was united in marriage to Roy Moffitt. They made their home in Nodaway county for fourteen years and then came to Iowa. Before their final settlement in their present location they lived for a while a short distance east of where the home now stands. Three children were born to this union, one son and two daughters, Byron Moffitt of Braddyville, Iowa, and Mary J. [ane] Fine and Vienna Huddle of Conway, Iowa.
Mrs. Moffitt was converted and joined the M. E. church thirty-nine years ago and has been a devout and self-sacrificing member. She always had a smile and welcome word for those who called upon her. She was a patient sufferer during her last illness.
Besides her family, all of whom were with her during her illness, she leaves two sisters Mrs. Jennie Fowler of Britton, Okla., and Mrs. Barbara Prather of Titusville, Pa., eleven grandchildren, other relatives and many friends to mourn her departure. Like a ripe shock of grain she was ready for the harvest, and we believe where she has entered into the land where sickness, sorrow and separation are to be no more.
Funeral services were held in the Shearer church and the body laid to rest in the adjoining cemetery.
[Hubbard, Annie Elizabeth Moritz]
Bedford Times-Press
Thursday March 9, 1933 p. 5
BLOCKTON
MRS. FRED HUBBARD DIES
Services Are Held Wednesday at Methodist Church
Mrs. Fred Hubbard [Annie Elizabeth Moritz] died at her home south of Blockton Sunday night, March 5, 1933. The funeral services were held Wednesday afternoon at the Methodist church conducted by Rev. W. H. Warrior and burial was in Rose Hill cemetery.
She had been in poor health for several years but took seriously ill Saturday. She leaves to mourn her death her husband, six children, Walter, Lester, Robert,
Warren, all of Blockton, Winifred of Maloy and Evelyn of Winterset, her grandchildren and a host of friends.
[Hubbard, Annie Elizabeth Moritz]
Taylor County Herald
Thursday March 9, 1933 p. 5
BLOCKTON
Mrs. Hubbard [Annie Elizabeth Moritz] passed away Sunday night at her home south of town after a long illness.
Funeral services will be held at the Methodist church Wednesday afternoon at 2 o'clock.
[Hubbard, Annie Elizabeth Moritz]
Blockton News
Thursday March 9, 1933 [p. 1]
Mrs. F. R. Hubbard Dead.
Mrs. F. ]rederick] R. [obert] Hubbard [Annie Elizabeth Moritz] passed away at her home southwest of town Sunday evening about 8:15. Mrs. Hubbard has been in very poor health for several months, pneumonia being the immediate cause of her death.
Funeral services were to be held at the Blockton Methodist church yesterday afternoon at 2 o'clock, and interment will be made in Rose Hill cemetery.
[Hubbard, Annie Elizabeth Moritz]
Blockton News
Thursday March 9, 1933 [p. 1]
Obituary
Annie Elizabeth Moritz, daughter of Mary and Peter Moritz, was born near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, June 8, 1886 [1866], and departed this life at her home near Blockton, Iowa, March 5, 1933, aged 66 years, 8 months and 27 days.
She was united in marriage to Frederick Robert Hubbard March 14,1889, near Dixon, Illinois. They moved to a farm near Blockton, Iowa, March 1, 1900, where they have since resided.
To this union six children were born—Lester [Moritz] and Walter [Clarke], of Blockton; Winifred [Blanche] Shay, of Maloy; Robert [Swain], of Grant City; [Oris] Warren, of Blockton, and Evelyn [Mary] Eldridge, of St. Charles.
Besides her companion and children and 14 grandchildren she is survived by one brother, Jacob Moritz, of Thornton, Iowa, and one half sister, Rose Lawyer, of Orrtanna, Pennsylvania, and many other relatives and a host of friends.
She united with the Methodist church of Blockton in March 1916.
Funeral services were held at the Blockton Methodist church Wednesday afternoon at 2 o'clock, conducted by the pastor, Rev. W. H. Warrior, and interment was made in Rose Hill cemetery, Blockton.
[Note: Her gravestone gives her birth date as 1866.]
[Goodwin, Cordelia Lucenda Sumner]
Bedford Times-Press
Thursday March 9, 1933 p. 6
GUSS
Former Resident Buried
The body of Mrs. Isaac Goodwin [Cordelia Lucenda Sumner], who lived west of Villisca, was brought to the Guss cemetery for burial Friday afternoon. Mrs. Goodwin was a former resident of the Guss neighborhood.
[GOODWIN, CORDELIA LUCINDA SUMNER]
Villisca Review (Villisca, Iowa), Friday, March 3, 1933, p. 4
Mrs. Isaac Goodwin Dies At Daughter's Home in Clarinda
Mrs. Isaac Goodwin of west of Villisca died at 9 p. m. Tuesday at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Clarence Hoffman, in Clarinda. She had been seriously ill since Tuesday of last week and was taken Sunday to her daughter's home for care.
Funeral services had not been completed at the time The Review went to press Thursday morning. She is survived by her husband and by several children.
[GOODWIN, CORDELIA LUCINDA SUMNER]
Villisca Review (Villisca, Iowa), Friday, March 10, 1933, [p. 1]
Funeral Services Are Held Here For Mrs. Isaac Goodwin
Funeral services for Mrs. Isaac Goodwin who died Tuesday of last week at her daughter's home in Clarinda, were held here at 1 p. m. Friday in the Advent Christian church, with the pastor, the Rev. G. A. Arthur, in charge. Brief services were held at the Clarence Hoffman home in Clarinda preceding the rites here. Burial was made in the Guss cemetery.
Cordelia L. Sumners [Sumner] was born April 22, 1874 in Poweshiek county, Iowa, and died February 28, at the age of 58 years, after a nine days' illness. She was married July 17, 1890, to Isaac Goodwin at Mankato, Kas. They moved to Iowa in 1892 and have resided here since. To this union were born nine daughters and two sons.
Mrs. Goodwin is survived by her husband and eight daughters and two sons. The surviving children are: Mrs. Sarah Loghry, James Goodwin, Jesse Goodwin, Mrs. Geneva Cleveland, all of Villisca; Mrs. Emma Hunter Carbon; Mrs. May Hoffman, Clarinda; Mrs. Elsie McNeal, Des Moines; Mrs. Esther Tedgren, Omaha; Mrs. Anna Roberts, Nodaway; Mrs. Ruby Ramey, Corning. One daughter, Mrs. Eva King, preceded her in death.
Mrs. Goodwin leaves also one sister and two brothers who are Mrs. Annie Russell of Ottawa, Kas.; Sylvester Sumners [Sumner] of Clarinda and James Sumners [Sumner] of New Market. Twenty-nine grandchildren and an aunt, Mrs. Hester Ells, also survive.
Mrs. Goodwin was a member of the Villisca Advent Christian church.
[GOODWIN, CORDELIA LUCINDA SUMNER]
Clarinda Herald Journal (Clarinda, Iowa), Monday, March 6, 1933, p. 5
Dies in Clarinda
Mrs. Isaac Goodwin, whose home has been east of Villisca, died at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Clarence Hoffman in Clarinda last Tuesday night after several days of serious illness. Mr. Goodwin survives and several children.
Blockton News
Thursday September 19, 1929 p. 4
Obituary
Alma Gertrude Bragg, eldest daughter of Guy Wilcox and wife of Conway, was born Jan. 3, 1909, and died at Oakdale Sept. 8, 1929.
July 17, 1926, she was united in marriage to Sherman Bragg. To this union one son, Sherman Junior, was born.
She united with the Christian church early in life.
She leaves to mourn, husband, son, father, three brothers—Louis, Roy and Albert Wilcox; two sisters —Alta and Myrtle Wilcox; one half brother, Eddie Greenlee, and other relatives and friends. Her mother died July 23, 1924.
She was a kind and loving wife, and loved by all who knew her. Funeral services were conducted at the Parnell M. E. church Sept. 11th by Rev. Hines of Ravenwood and interment was made in Rose Hill cemetery, Parnell, Mo.
[Aldrich, Washington Winfield]
Blockton News
Thursday September 19, 1929 p. 8
Obituary
Washington W. [infield] Aldrich was born in Van Buren County, Iowa, Feb. 20, 1857, and died at his home near Sheridan, Mo., Sept. 2, 1929, aged 72 years, 6 months and
12 days.
He was a son of Gustavus and Susan Rollins Aldrich. He left Iowa as a child in 1860 and accompanied his parents to Nodaway County, Mo., the family settling on a farm 12 miles north of Maryville where he was reared and educated in the district schools. Later he went to Rooks County, Kansas, where he completed his education in the Stockton academy and where he also taught school. On Sept. 6, 1892,he was united in marriage to Miss Kate M. [able] Keith [Katherine Mable Reith] of Stockton. In 1894 they traded their cattle ranch of near Stockton for their home place north of Sheridan, Mo., where they have resided continuously for 35 years, with the exception of three winters spent in the south at Hot Springs and other points.
Five children were born to this happy union---Roy W. [infield], Violet America (died Oct. 8, 1924, aged 17 years), Pansy [Mabel] Brown, Noble R. [eith], and Daisy [Viola] Jenkins. There are five grandchildren.
At the age of 14 years he united with the Baptist church and remained a member of that faith the remainder of his life.
The funeral services were conducted in the home Sept. 4, by Rev. Jacobs of the Maryville Baptist church, after which the remains were laid to rest in the
Sheridan cemetery.
It was in his private life that we who knew him best admired and loved him most. He gave his fullest confidence to his intimate friends, revealing a nature strong, tender, steadfast, loving and generous. He was indeed a fond father, ever solicitous for the welfare of his children and to his wife he was a most devoted husband. His memory will be cherished in the home and community. Mr. Aldrich was a past master of the Masonic lodge and has been in the public service of the state as a member of the 43rd and 44th general assemblies and again in the 49th. He was assigned to the committee on eleemosynary institutions, the good roads committee and the committee on agriculture. In the second session two state normals were located and it was through Mr. Aldrich's influence that the Northwest Missouri Teachers college was secured and it was located at Maryville. He also secured the right for Iowa veterinaries to practice in Missouri in all emergency cases and Mr. Aldrich was one of the three men to introduce a bill which became a law providing a two cent railroad fare on all trunk lines and three cent fares on branch lines where traffic was light. His entire public service has been characterized by a courageous adherence to the principles which he has believed have been right.
[ALDRICH, WASHINGTON WINFIELD]
Blockton News (Blockton, Iowa), Thursday, September 12, 1929
W. W. Aldrich died at his home north of Sheridan on Monday of last week at the age of 71 years. He had been in poor health for a number of years. Mr. Aldrich represented Worth county at the 44th and 48th sessions of the Missouri legislature.
Blockton News
Thursday September 26, 1929 p. 5
Max Lamb, the 15-year-old son of Jay Lamb and wife of Lamoni, died recently in a Des Moines hospital from injuries received in an automobile accident near Lamoni one week before. The Lamb family were residents of Blockton some four or five years ago.
Blockton News
Thursday September 26, 1929 p. 5
Harry Spurrier, eldest son of Editor and Mrs. Sam Spurrier of the Mount Ayr Record-News, died Sept. 12 in Los Angeles, California, following a surgical operation. Mr. and Mrs. Spurrier were on their way to Los Angeles when the death message came. The Record-News family have the sympathy of the newspaper fraternity.
Clearfield Enterprise
Thursday September 19, 1929 [p. 1]
EditorÕs Son Dies
Word came to Mount Ayr on last Thursday that Harry Spurrier, son of Editor Sam Spurrier of the Record-News, had died that morning at Long Beach, California, in a relapse following an operation. Mr. Spurrier started at once for the West Coast. Besides the parents, there is a married sister at Manning, Ia., and a brother and sister in Mount Ayr. Funeral arrangements were left for later announcement.
[Larison, Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich]
Taylor County Herald
Thursday March 23, 1933 p. 4
J. E. Althouse and his five grown sons, of Bucyrus, Ohio, drove to Bedford Monday to attend the funeral of his sister-in-law, Mrs. Enoch Larison [Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich]. They visited Mrs. Moser [Barbara Ann Ulrich], returning home Wednesday.
[Larison, Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich]
Taylor County Herald
Thursday March 23, 1933 p. 4
Mr. and Mrs. Charlie Wilson of Hopkins, Mo., and Mr. and Mrs. Leslie Williams of Prescott, Iowa, were among those from out of town attending the funeral of Mrs. Enoch Larison [Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich].
[Larison, Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich]
Taylor County Herald
Thursday March 23, 1933 p. 4
Mrs. Chris Moser [Barbara Ann Ulrich] was called to Hopkins Thursday by the serious illness of her niece, Mrs. Enoch Larison [Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich]. Frank Larison and daughter Hallie were called to Hopkins Friday by the death of Mrs. Enoch Larison. They returned the same day, bringing Mrs. Moser back with them.
[Larison, Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich]
Bedford Times-Press
Thursday March 23, 1933 p. 5
B. [enjamin] F. [ranklin] Larison and daughter, Miss Halla [Hallie] Larison were in Hopkins Friday, called to the home of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Wilson by the death of Mrs. Enoch Larison [[Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich].
[Larison, Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich]
Bedford Times-Press
Thursday March 23, 1933 p. 5
Rev. and Mrs. R. A. Dick, Mr. and Mrs. Wilder, Mrs. A. L. Garten, and Ed Melvin of Hopkins attended the funeral services for Mrs. Enoch Larison [Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich] at the Baptist Church in Bedford Monday afternoon.
[Larison, Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich]
Bedford Times-Press
Thursday March 23, 1933 p. 5
Mr. and Mrs. Leslie Williams of Prescott, Iowa, attended the funeral services for his mother, Mrs. Enoch Larison [Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich], which were held at the Baptist church in Bedford Monday afternoon.
[Larison, Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich]
Taylor County Herald
Thursday March 23, 1933 [p. 1]
MRS. ENOCH LARISON DIES AT HOPKINS
Mrs. Enoch Larison of the Hazel Dell community died at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Charles Wilson, in Hopkins Mo., last Friday morning, at the age of 57 years.
She had been in ill health for years and had been staying at the home of her daughter for several weeks.
Funeral services were held at the First Baptist church in Bedford Monday afternoon conducted by Rev. Clark M. Crowell, assisted by Rev. Ray A. Dick, pastor of the Hopkins Baptist church. Burial was in the Bedford cemetery.
[Larison, Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich]
Bedford Times-Press
Thursday March 23, 1933 p. 5
Wilbur Larison of Hazleton, Idaho, arrived here last weekend, called by the illness and death of his mother, Mrs. Enoch Larison [Sarah Elizabeth Ulrich].
Bedford Times-Republican
Thursday June 18, 1931 p. 4
Glen Miller
Glen Miller was born in Taylor County, Iowa, Oct. 13, 1890, and died at his home on the same farm where he was born on June 14, 1931, at the age of 40 years, 8 months and 1 day. He was the youngest son of George D. [avis] and Minnie Hall Miller. His father died on Feb. 3, 1927, leaving to him the care of the farm.
Glen was a sufferer from childhood and has had the inconvenience all these years of being unable to get about as others have done but through it all he was uncomplaining and cheerful. Notwithstanding this disadvantage he has been efficient in his work on the farm. His handicap has served to give him an unusual appreciation of mechanical appliances so he has sought to do by machinery what he was not able to do in the usual way. Many have learned to appreciate his keen mechanical skill. He had his education in the rural schools and was a close student of machinery as it applied to farm work and farm tasks. He was a lover of home, and everyone knew him as a boy devoted to his mother and to the home interests. He loved the things of uprightness, and straightforward dealing. These things in his life no one questioned. When his father died four years ago he was left the care of the farm and to him was left the care of his mother. How well he has performed that task is well known to the neighbors and friends he leaves to mourn his going, his mother and one brother and his wife, Mr. and Mrs. Guy Miller, and a host of friends and relatives.
Blockton News
Thursday October 23, 1913 p. 8
Obituary
Matthias Wertz was born in Dark County, Ohio, April 23d, 1835, and departed
this life at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Mary Fattig, in Worth county, Missouri, October 14th, 1913, aged 78 years, 6 months and 21 days . He was united in marriage to Delilah E. Fair in Miami County, Ohio, December 14th, 1856. To this union 11 children were born, as follows: Mary, Rosannnah, William, Matthias, Edward, John, Daniel, Webster, Charles, Lucy and Francis, all of whom survive him except Edward, Daniel and Lucy.
They removed from Ohio to Davis County, Iowa, where in 1861 he answered his country's call, enlisting in Co. A, of the 3rd Iowa Calvary, and serving four years. They removed to Missouri in 1868, where he has since resided. His companion preceded him in 1904.
Mr. Wertz united with the Church of Christ, and was a member of Pleasant Ridge congregation.
The funeral service was conducted from the home of Mrs. Fattig, October 16th, by Challie E. Graham, after which the remains were laid to rest in the cemetery at Isadora. The sympathy of their many friends is extended to the bereaved ones. May the kind, loving Father look down in tender compassion upon them and bless and guide them.